Was there fraud in Iran?

A very sober, not to say impenetrable, from a Michigan University statistician, who specializes in election forensics: "While it is not possible given only the current data to say for sure whether this reflects natural complexity in the political processes or artificial manipulations, the numerous outliers comport more with the idea that there was widespread fraud than with the idea that all the departures from the model are benign." *linking to Pdf.